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Gadolinium (III) complex equilibria: The implications for Gd(III) MRI contrast agents
Author(s) -
Jackson Graham E.,
Wynchank Sinclair,
Woudenberg Marianne
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.1910160107
Subject(s) - chemistry , gadolinium , transferrin , in vivo , metal , kinetics , redistribution (election) , metal ions in aqueous solution , ion , nuclear chemistry , radiochemistry , inorganic chemistry , biochemistry , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , politics , political science , law , biology
A computer model of blood plasma which has allowed the effect of Gd(III) contrast agents to be simulated has been developed. Initial binding of Gd(III) is to transferrin. At high concentration the metal ion binds to citrate and salicylate. At a concentrate of 10 −3 M , GdCl 3 is predicted to effect a redistribution of the in vivo Zn(II), Ca(II), and Fe(II) complexes present in blood plasma. There is little effect on the Cu(II) distribution. At a concentration below lo −5 M EDTA and DTPA have little effect on the free Gd(III) metal ion concentration. Above this concentration though, the metal ion is bound aimost exclusively to the EDTA or DTPA. An attempt is made to relate the toxicity of GdCl 3 , [Gd(EDTA)] − , and [Gd(DTPA)] 2− to the thermodynamic stability of these complexes. The effect of substitution kinetics is also discussed. © 1990 Academic Press, Inc.