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Magnetization transfer effect on the creatine methyl resonance studied by CW off‐resonance irradiation in human skeletal muscle on a clinical MR system
Author(s) -
Renema W. Klaas Jan,
Klomp Dennis W.J.,
Philippens Mariëlle E.P.,
van den Bergh Adrianus J.,
Wieringa Bé,
Heerschap Arend
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.10564
Subject(s) - magnetization transfer , nuclear magnetic resonance , attenuation , scanner , irradiation , pulse (music) , amplifier , electron paramagnetic resonance , saturation (graph theory) , magnetic resonance imaging , signal (programming language) , chemistry , continuous wave , magnetization , materials science , physics , optics , magnetic field , optoelectronics , medicine , laser , mathematics , cmos , combinatorics , quantum mechanics , detector , computer science , nuclear physics , radiology , programming language
Magnetization transfer (MT) between the mobile (MR‐visible) spin pool and immobile (MR‐invisible) spin pool of creatine (Cr) was studied on a clinical 1.5 T MR scanner in human skeletal muscle using continuous wave (CW) pre‐irradiation as the saturation method for the immobile pool. For this purpose, only slight modifications to the MR system were made. A specially designed electronic circuit was used to couple a CW amplifier to the RF channel of the scanner. The CW pulse power (γ B 2 /2π) and pulse length were determined to be approximately 550 Hz and 3 s, respectively, for optimal signal attenuation of the Cr methyl signal. The bound Cr fraction in human gastrocnemius muscle was determined to be 0.4–1.3% using a two‐pool exchange model function to describe the MT effect. Magn Reson Med 50:468–473, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.