Premium
Optimization of localized 19 F magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the detection of fluorinated drugs in the human liver
Author(s) -
Klomp Dennis W.J.,
van Laarhoven Hanneke W.M.,
Kentgens Arno P.M.,
Heerschap Arend
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.10527
Subject(s) - nuclear magnetic resonance , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , preamplifier , resolution (logic) , spectroscopy , human liver , relaxation (psychology) , alanine , chemistry , materials science , computer science , physics , biology , amplifier , biochemistry , optoelectronics , cmos , quantum mechanics , amino acid , artificial intelligence , neuroscience , enzyme
Fluorine MR spectroscopy ( 19 F MRS) is an indispensable tool for assessing the pharmacokinetics of fluorinated drugs. Since the metabolism of 5‐fluorouracil (5FU), a frequently used cytotoxic drug, is expected to be different in normal liver and in tumor tissue, spatial localization is required for detection by MRS. In this study, three independent signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) optimizations were combined to enable chemical shift imaging (CSI) as a localization method in the detection of 5FU and its metabolites in tumor tissue. First, the hardware was optimized by using circularly polarized coils together with integrated preamplifiers. Second, the optimal pulse angle (Ernst angle) was determined on the basis of T 1 relaxation time measurements of 5FU. Finally, averaging of CSI phase‐encoding steps was optimized by using the applied Hamming filter as a weighting function. The combination of these three methods enables the in vivo detection of 5FU and α‐fluoro‐β‐alanine (FBAL) by 19 F MRS, localized in three dimensions in tumor and liver tissue at a time resolution of 4 min at 1.5 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 50:303–308, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.