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In vivo GABA editing using a novel doubly selective multiple quantum filter
Author(s) -
Shen Jun,
Rothman Douglas L.,
Brown Peter
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.10104
Subject(s) - in vivo , macromolecule , pulse (music) , quantum , imaging phantom , nuclear magnetic resonance , excitation , chemistry , signal (programming language) , biophysics , physics , optics , computer science , biology , biochemistry , quantum mechanics , genetics , detector , programming language
Abstract A novel multiple quantum filtering method is proposed that uses a doubly selective pulse termed Delays Alternating with Nutations for Tailored Excitation (DANTE) for multiple quantum preparation. This method selectively prepares GABA‐3 and GABA‐4 into a multiple quantum state and suppresses all other resonances at 3.0 ppm in each single scan. Phantom tests demonstrated excellent GABA signal retention and complete suppression of overlapping metabolites. It is shown using numerical simulations that overlapping macromolecules are suppressed because the frequency of the first upfield 2π rotation of the doubly selective DANTE pulse coincides with that of the macromolecules at 1.72 ppm. Excellent suppression of overlapping macromolecules was demonstrated in vivo. Using this method the concentration of GABA in the occipital lobe of healthy volunteers was measured to be 1.21 ± 0.28 μmol/mL (mean ± SD, N = 9). Magn Reson Med 47:447–454, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.