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Efficient derivation of bovine embryonic stem cells needs more than active core pluripotency factors
Author(s) -
Maruotti Julien,
Muñoz Marta,
Degrelle Severine A.,
Gómez Enrique,
Louet Claire,
Monforte Carmen Díez,
de Longchamp Priscille Huot,
Brochard Vincent,
Hue Isabelle,
Caamaño José Nestor,
Jouneau Alice
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
molecular reproduction and development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.745
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1098-2795
pISSN - 1040-452X
DOI - 10.1002/mrd.22051
Subject(s) - epiblast , homeobox protein nanog , biology , embryonic stem cell , sox2 , microbiology and biotechnology , stem cell , induced pluripotent stem cell , rex1 , nanog homeobox protein , blastocyst , inner cell mass , genetics , embryo , embryogenesis , gastrulation , gene
Pluripotency can be captured in vitro, providing that the culture environment meets the requirements that avoid differentiation while stimulating self‐renewal. From studies in the mouse embryo, two kinds of pluripotent stem cells have been obtained from the early and late epiblast, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), representing the naive and primed states, respectively. All attempts to derive convincing ESCs in ungulates have been unsuccessful, although all attempts were based on the assumption that the conditions used to derive mouse ESCs or human ESC could be applied in other species. Pluripotent cells derived in primates, rabbit, and pig strongly indicate that the state of pluripotency of these cells is, in fact, closer to EpiSCs than to ESCs, and thus depend on fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Activin signaling pathways. Based on this observation, we have tried to derive EpiSC from the epiblast of bovine elongated embryos as well as ESCs from Day‐8 blastocysts. We here show that the core transcription factors Oct4/Sox2/Nanog can be used as markers of pluripotency in the bovine since their expression was restricted to the developing epiblast after Day 8, and disappeared following differentiation of both the ESC‐like and EpiSC‐like cultures. Although FGF and Activin pathways are indeed present and active in the bovine, it is not sufficient/enough to maintain a long‐term pluripotency ex vivo, as was reported for mouse and pig EpiSCs. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 79:461–477, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.