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Improvements in lipid suppression for 1 H NMR‐based metabolomics: Applications to solution‐state and HR‐MAS NMR in natural and in vivo samples
Author(s) -
Hassan Qusai,
Dutta Majumdar Rudraksha,
Wu Bing,
Lane Daniel,
TabatabaeiAnraki Maryam,
Soong Ronald,
Simpson Myrna J.,
Simpson Andre J.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.483
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1097-458X
pISSN - 0749-1581
DOI - 10.1002/mrc.4814
Subject(s) - chemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , in vivo , magic angle spinning , proton nmr , solid state nuclear magnetic resonance , analytical chemistry (journal) , metabolomics , nmr spectra database , nuclear magnetic resonance , chromatography , spectral line , organic chemistry , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , astronomy , biology
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of intact biological samples often show strong contributions from lipids, which overlap with signals of interest from small metabolites. Pioneering work by Diserens et al. demonstrated that the relative differences in diffusivity and relaxation of lipids versus small metabolites could be exploited to suppress lipid signals, in high‐resolution magic angle spinning (HR‐MAS) NMR spectroscopy. In solution‐state NMR, suspended samples can exhibit very broad water signals, which are challenging to suppress. Here, improved water suppression is incorporated into the sequence, and the Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill sequence (CPMG) train is replaced with a low‐power adiabatic spinlock that reduces heating and spectral artefacts seen with longer CPMG filters. The result is a robust sequence that works well in both HR‐MAS as well as static solution‐state samples. Applications are also extended to include in vivo organisms. For solution‐state NMR, samples containing significant amount of fats such as milk and hemp hearts seeds are used to demonstrate the technique. For HR‐MAS, living earthworms ( Eisenia fetida ) and freshwater shrimp ( Hyalella azteca ) are used for in vivo applications. Lipid suppression techniques are essential for non‐invasive NMR‐based analysis of biological samples with a high‐lipid content and adds to the suite of experiments advantageous for in vivo environmental metabolomics.