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Spatial location of indomethacin associated with unimeric amphiphilic carrier macromolecules as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Author(s) -
Orban David E.,
Moretti Alysha,
Uhrich Kathryn E.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.483
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1097-458X
pISSN - 0749-1581
DOI - 10.1002/mrc.4401
Subject(s) - chemistry , nuclear overhauser effect , micelle , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , amphiphile , rational design , spectroscopy , macromolecule , relaxation (psychology) , molecule , two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , drug carrier , fluorine 19 nmr , proton nmr , drug delivery , chemical physics , nuclear magnetic resonance , aqueous solution , polymer , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , stereochemistry , copolymer , materials science , psychology , social psychology , biochemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
A combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques including, proton NMR, relaxation analysis, two‐dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy, and diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy, has been used to demonstrate the spatial location of indomethacin within a unimolecular micelle. Understanding the location of drugs within carrier molecules using such NMR techniques can facilitate rational carrier design. In addition, this information provides insight to encapsulation efficiency of different drugs to determine the most efficient system for a particular bioactive. This study demonstrates that drugs loaded by the unimolecular amphiphile under investigation are not necessarily encapsulated but reside or localize to the periphery or interfacial region of the carrier molecule. The results have further implications as to the features of the unimolecular carrier that contribute to drug loading. In addition, evidence of drug retention associated with the unimolecular surfactant is possible in organic media, as well as in an aqueous environment. Such findings have implications for rational carrier design to correlate the carrier features to the drug of interest and indicate the strong retention capabilities of the unimolecular micelle for delivery applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.