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Comparison of various density functional methods for distinguishing stereoisomers based on computed 1 H or 13 C NMR chemical shifts using diastereomeric penam β‐lactams as a test set
Author(s) -
Wiitala Keith W.,
Cramer Christopher J.,
Hoye Thomas R.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.483
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1097-458X
pISSN - 0749-1581
DOI - 10.1002/mrc.2045
Subject(s) - chemistry , diastereomer , chemical shift , conformational isomerism , heptane , computational chemistry , bicyclic molecule , proton nmr , density functional theory , stereochemistry , basis set , molecule , organic chemistry
Full 1 H and 13 C NMR chemical shift assignments were made for two sets of penam β‐lactams: namely, the diastereomeric (2 S , 5 S , 6 S )‐, (2 S , 5 R , 6 R )‐, (2 S , 5 S , 6 R )‐, and (2 S , 5 R , 6 S )‐methyl 6‐(1,3‐dioxoisoindolin‐2‐yl)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐7‐oxo‐4‐thia‐1‐aza‐bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐2‐carboxylates (1–4) and (2 S , 5 R , 6 R )‐, (2 S , 5 S , 6 R )‐, and (2 S , 5 R , 6 S )‐6‐(1,3‐dioxoisoindolin‐2‐yl)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐7‐oxo‐4‐thia‐1‐aza‐bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐2‐carboxylic acids (6–8). Each penam was then modeled as a family of conformers obtained from Monte Carlo searches using the AMBER* force field followed by IEFPCM/B3LYP/6‐31G(d) geometry optimization of each conformer using chloroform solvation. 1 H and 13 C chemical shifts for each conformer were computed at the WP04, WC04, B3LYP, and PBE1 density functional levels as Boltzmann averages of IEFPCM/B3LYP/6‐311 + G(2d,p) energies over each family. Comparisons between experimental and theoretical chemical shift data were made using the total absolute error (|Δδ | T ) criterion. For the 1 H shift data, all methods were sufficiently accurate to identify the proper stereoisomers. Computed 13 C shifts were not always successful in identifying the correct stereoisomer, regardless of which DFT method was used. The relative ability of each theoretical approach to discriminate among stereoisomers on the basis of proton shifts was also evaluated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.