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Optical‐fiber multiple PPM frame synchronization
Author(s) -
Elmirghani Jaafar M. H.,
Cryan Robert A.,
Clayton F. M.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
microwave and optical technology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.304
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1098-2760
pISSN - 0895-2477
DOI - 10.1002/mop.4650061407
Subject(s) - synchronization (alternating current) , frame (networking) , computer science , chip , pulse position modulation , electronic engineering , gigabit , pulse width modulation , frame synchronization , pulse (music) , modulation (music) , channel (broadcasting) , pulse amplitude modulation , telecommunications , engineering , physics , electrical engineering , acoustics , voltage , detector
At high data rates and gigabit schemes, orthogonal optical‐fiber pulse position modulation (PPM) prematurely exhausts the available pulse width resources. Multiple PPM (MPPM) offers improved throughput while preserving the PPM sensitivity attraction. The multiple pulse positions per pulse width place a high demand on the synchronization subsystem. We propose MPPM for the optical fiber channel, then investigate the synchronization requirements at the chip, symbol, and frame rates. An original spectral characterization is presented for the format, illustrating that symbol and chip synchronization are achievable from the data stream. Frame synchronization is examined and a novel technique based on natural sequences is proposed and demonstrated, resulting in the extraction of both the frame frequency and the frame phase. Data pattern dependency is eliminated through an original technique, and a practical implementation is given. Practical results are presented for the synchronizers and shown to correlate with the developed models. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.