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Two axis direction finding antenna system using sum–difference patterns in X band
Author(s) -
Shaikh Sarmad Ahmed,
Tekin Ibrahim
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
microwave and optical technology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.304
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1098-2760
pISSN - 0895-2477
DOI - 10.1002/mop.29269
Subject(s) - anechoic chamber , antenna (radio) , direction of arrival , radiation pattern , direction finding , microwave , microstrip , signal (programming language) , antenna array , acoustics , electronic circuit , physics , optics , electronic engineering , computer science , engineering , electrical engineering , telecommunications , programming language
This work proposes the direction finding antenna system in two axis (θ 1 , θ 2 ) in X band using sum (Σ) and difference (Δ) patterns of received signal. Direction finding system is constructed by implementing the microstrip patch antenna array and 180° hybrid rat race ring coupler which generates Σ and Δ patterns of received RF signal. Initially, direction of arrival (DOA) is obtained in one axis, (θ 1 ), vertical direction, using the Σ–Δ patterns of antenna array of two elements. Using the equations of Σ and Δ of two input signals, radiation patterns at different θ values have been observed in simulation and compared with measured pattern values of constructed circuit. By taking the ratio of Δ to Σ patterns, DOA has been estimated of designed circuit. Another circuit similar to first circuit, oriented at 90° (horizontal direction) has been implemented to estimate the DOA (θ 2 ) in other axis. By taking the 3D radiation patterns of each circuit in anechoic chamber, both circuits are measured for performance; and from 0 to ±40°, DOA has been observed with rms error of less than 5° in both axis. At 10 GHz operating frequency, experimental results, using material RT Duroid 5880, show that satisfactory performance can be achieved with proposed setup. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2085–2092, 2015