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Analysis of tem three‐section symmetrical directional couplers with tandem‐connected center section
Author(s) -
Wincza Krzysztof,
Gruszczynski Slawomir
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
microwave and optical technology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.304
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1098-2760
pISSN - 0895-2477
DOI - 10.1002/mop.27902
Subject(s) - section (typography) , power dividers and directional couplers , ripple , tandem , coupling (piping) , hybrid coupler , microwave , optics , line (geometry) , coupling coefficient of resonators , physics , topology (electrical circuits) , materials science , engineering , geometry , telecommunications , electrical engineering , computer science , mathematics , voltage , mechanical engineering , resonator , composite material , operating system
ABSTRACT The analysis of TEM three‐section symmetrical directional couplers with tightly coupled section realized as a tandem connection of two coupled‐line sections has been shown. The design equations allowing for calculating the required even‐mode characteristic impedances of coupled‐line sections for arbitrarily chosen coupling coefficient and coupling ripple have been derived. The proposed method has been utilized for analysis of three‐section 3‐dB symmetrical couplers with different coupling ripple and the results are given in a tabular form. The theoretical analysis has been confirmed by measurements of a 3‐dB three‐section symmetrical coupler, in which coupled‐line sections constituting a tightly coupled section have been miniaturized to for better fitting to the coupler's structure. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2578–2582, 2013