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Broad band behavioral modeling of on‐chip RF inductors and transformers
Author(s) -
Bhattacharya Rajarshi,
Bhattacharyya T. K.,
Dutta Asudeb
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
microwave and optical technology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.304
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1098-2760
pISSN - 0895-2477
DOI - 10.1002/mop.22653
Subject(s) - inductor , electronic engineering , particle swarm optimization , transformer , spice , engineering , behavioral modeling , fitness function , chip , computer science , electrical engineering , voltage , algorithm , genetic algorithm , machine learning
The broad band behavioral models of on‐chip inductors and transformers are extracted from sampled frequency response data. A linearized least square based model parameter extraction algorithm is used to obtain ‘s’‐domain rational function model. Model order is optimized to strike a balance between modeling error and time required for transient simulation of circuits consisting of on‐chip inductors and/or transformers. A new cost function is proposed to improve optimal model order selection. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to maximize the nonconvex fitness function, associated with model order optimization. A modification of PSO algorithm is proposed to speed up optimal model order selection. While modeling on‐chip inductors and transformers, the proposed modeling technique extracts highly accurate, yet reduced order models, which are valid over a wide band width and are compatible with SPICE‐like simulators. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2212–2216, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22653