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Plasma Metabolite Profiles Associated with the Amount and Source of Meat and Fish Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Author(s) -
GarcíaGavilán Jesús,
Nishi Stephanie K.,
PazGraniel Indira,
GuaschFerré Marta,
Razquin Cristina,
Clish Clary B.,
Toledo Estefanía,
RuizCanela Miguel,
Corella Dolores,
Deik Amy,
DrouinChartier JeanPhilippe,
Wittenbecher Clemens,
Babio Nancy,
Estruch Ramon,
Ros Emilio,
Fitó Montserrat,
Arós Fernando,
Fiol Miquel,
SerraMajem Lluís,
Liang Liming,
MartínezGonzález Miguel A.,
Hu Frank B.,
SalasSalvadó Jordi
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.202200145
Subject(s) - metabolite , type 2 diabetes , hazard ratio , population , metabolomics , medicine , fish <actinopterygii> , proportional hazards model , diabetes mellitus , food science , chemistry , biology , confidence interval , endocrinology , environmental health , bioinformatics , fishery
Scope Consumption of meat has been associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but if plasma metabolite profiles associated with these foods reflect this relationship is unknown. The objective is to identify a metabolite signature of consumption of total meat (TM), red meat (RM), processed red meat (PRM), and fish and examine if they are associated with T2D risk. Methods and results The discovery population includes 1833 participants from the PREDIMED trial. The internal validation sample includes 1522 participants with available 1‐year follow‐up metabolomic data. Associations between metabolites and TM, RM, PRM, and fish are evaluated with elastic net regression. Associations between the profiles and incident T2D are estimated using Cox regressions. The profiles included 72 metabolites for TM, 69 for RM, 74 for PRM, and 66 for fish. After adjusting for T2D risk factors, only profiles of TM (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.49), RM (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07‐1.52), and PRM (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07‐1.51) are associated with T2D. Conclusions The consumption of TM, its subtypes, and fish is associated with different metabolites, some of which have been previously associated with T2D. Scores based on the identified metabolites for TM, RM, and PRM show a significant association with T2D risk.