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Metabolic Fate and Cardiometabolic Effects of Phenolic Compounds from Red‐Fleshed Apple in Hypercholesterolemic Rats: A Comparative Study with Common White‐Fleshed Apple. The AppleCOR Study
Author(s) -
Yuste Silvia,
Ludwig Iziar A.,
Romero MaríaPaz,
PiñolFelis Carme,
Catalán Úrsula,
Pedret Anna,
Valls Rosa M.,
FernándezCastillejo Sara,
Motilva MaríaJosé,
Macià Alba,
Rubió Laura
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.202001225
Subject(s) - chemistry , food science , urine , biochemistry
Abstract The present study aims to investigate the metabolic fate and the cardiometabolic effects of phenolic compounds provided by a red‐fleshed apple variety biofortified in anthocyanins (ACN). Wistar rats are fed with high‐fat diet (HFD) to induce hypercholesterolemia and supplemented with red‐fleshed apple (HFD+R), white‐fleshed apple (HFD+W), or an ACN‐rich infusion from aronia fruit (HFD+A) providing matched content and profile of ACN. Plasma biochemical parameters, histological analysis, and phenol biological metabolites are determined. Plasma, urine, and feces show a significant increase of ACN metabolites after HFD+R and HFD+A, while flavan‐3‐ols are significantly increased after HFD+W and dihydrochalcones derivatives increased after both apples supplementation. A cardioprotective effect is observed after both apples and aronia infusion supplementation in the reduction of aortic thickness. The kidney function is improved after all supplementations and a decrease in insulin plasma concentration after both apples supplementation (HFD+R and HFD+W) is also observed. The findings support that ACN without apple matrix can induce cardioprotective effects. ACN or flavan‐3‐ols, together with dihydrochalcones, compose a phenolic phytocomplex in red‐ and white‐fleshed apples, respectively, which can act synergistically in the attenuation of cardiovascular outcomes in hypercholesterolemic rats.