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Diet and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Quality Standards Should Be Applied in Clinical and Laboratory Studies?
Author(s) -
Rogler Gerhard,
Scharl Michael,
Spalinger Marianne,
Yilmaz Bahtiyar,
Zaugg Michael,
Hersberger Martin,
Schreiner Philipp,
Biedermann Luc,
Herfarth Hans
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.202000514
Subject(s) - inflammatory bowel disease , medicine , disease , gut flora , psychological intervention , inflammatory bowel diseases , epidemiology , quality (philosophy) , environmental health , intensive care medicine , immunology , pathology , psychiatry , philosophy , epistemology
Many patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) follow restrictive diets, as many respective recommendations circulate. Efforts are made to evaluate and summarize the published information, for example, in a recent consensus manuscript by the International Organization for the Study of IBD (IOIBD). However, the standards that should be applied to make claims about dietary effects are poorly defined. In this manuscript, the scientific basis of recommendations for nutritional interventions in IBD is analyzed. Epidemiological evidence on diet in IBD is always biased by numerous factors, and the number of robust dietary intervention studies is limited due to methodological difficulties. Therefore, animal models are used to test hypotheses with respect to dietary factors and intestinal inflammation. Naturally, animal models have limitations, and knowledge of key characteristics of colitis animal models is crucial to understand their advantages and disadvantages. In recent years the important role of the microbiota for IBD and dietary factors has been discovered. Microbiota data are added to many publications on IBD and nutrition. The quality of those data varies largely. Subsequently, quality standards for microbiota analyses also are discussed. Finally, quality requirements to be applied on recommendations for dietary changes in patients with IBD are suggested.