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Grape Extract Activates Brown Adipose Tissue Through Pathway Involving the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid
Author(s) -
Han Xue,
Guo Jielong,
Yin Manwen,
Liu Yiwen,
You Yilin,
Zhan Jicheng,
Huang Weidong
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.202000149
Subject(s) - akkermansia muciniphila , thermogenesis , akkermansia , brown adipose tissue , gut flora , bile acid , biology , dysbiosis , lachnospiraceae , adipose tissue , endocrinology , medicine , biochemistry , lactobacillus , fermentation , 16s ribosomal rna , gene , firmicutes
Scope Although the physiological function of grape extract (GE) has long been recognized, the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the effects of GE on metabolism and the association between GE activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the restoration of gut microbiota (GM). Methods and results Diet‐induced obese mice are used to investigate the function of GE. GE administration increases energy metabolism and prevents obesity. Also, GE restores the dysbiosis of GM by augmenting the observed species, enhancing the Firmicute s ‐to‐Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of the Bifidobacteria , Akkermansia , and Clostridia genera. This restoration of GM alters the bile acid (BA) pool in the serum. The abundance of Akkermansia , Clostridium , and Bifidobacterium is negatively correlated with the concentrations of TαMCA, TβMCA, and TCA but is positively correlated with DCA. The changes in BA promoted TGR5 in BAT, which contributed to thermogenesis. The metabolites of GE in blood do not stimulate TGR5 in vitro. Conclusion GE stimulates the thermogenesis of BAT through a pathway involving the regulation of GM and BA in diet‐induced obese mice. This study reveals the mechanism by which dietary polyphenols promote thermogenesis by regulating BA, which is altered by GM.