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Inter‐Individual Variability in Insulin Response after Grape Pomace Supplementation in Subjects at High Cardiometabolic Risk: Role of Microbiota and miRNA
Author(s) -
RamosRomero Sara,
Léniz Asier,
MartínezMaqueda Daniel,
Amézqueta Susana,
FernándezQuintela Alfredo,
Hereu Mercè,
Torres Josep Luís,
Portillo María P.,
PérezJiménez Jara
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.202000113
Subject(s) - gut flora , feces , pomace , prevotella , polyphenol , biology , firmicutes , food science , insulin , real time polymerase chain reaction , prebiotic , medicine , physiology , endocrinology , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics , antioxidant , 16s ribosomal rna , gene
Scope Dietary polyphenols have shown promising effects in mechanistic and preclinical studies on the regulation of cardiometabolic alterations. Nevertheless, clinical trials have provided contradictory results, with high inter‐individual variability. This study explores the role of gut microbiota and microRNAs (miRNAs) as factors contributing to the inter‐individual variability in polyphenol response. Methods and Results 49 subjects with at least two factors of metabolic syndrome are divided between responders ( n = 23) or non‐responders ( n = 26), depending on the variation rate in fasting insulin after grape pomace supplementation (6 weeks). The populations of selected fecal bacteria are estimated from fecal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), while the microbial‐derived short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are measured in fecal samples by gas chromatography. MicroRNAs are analyzed on a representative sample, followed by targeted miRNA analysis. Responder subjects show significantly lower ( p < 0.05) Prevotella and Firmicutes levels, and increased ( p < 0.05) miR‐222 levels. Conclusion After evaluating the selected substrates for Prevotella and target genes of miR‐222, these variations suggest that responders are those subjects exhibiting impaired glycaemic control. This study shows that fecal microbiota and miRNA expression may be related to inter‐individual variability in clinical trials with polyphenols.