Premium
Interaction of Gut Microbiota and High‐Sodium, Low‐Potassium Diet in Altering Plasma Triglyceride Profiles Revealed by Lipidomics Analysis
Author(s) -
Folz Jacob,
Oh Young Taek,
Blaženović Ivana,
Richey Joyce,
Fiehn Oliver,
Youn Jang H.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201900752
Subject(s) - lipidomics , gut flora , triglyceride , potassium , metabolic syndrome , polyunsaturated fatty acid , cholesterol , lipid metabolism , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , medicine , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , food science , fatty acid , organic chemistry
Scope High sodium and low potassium (HNaLK) intake increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome. The authors investigate if the dietary minerals interact with the gut microbiota to alter circulating lipid profiles, implicated in CVD and metabolic syndrome. Methods and results Plasma samples from Wistar rats fed a control or HNaLK diet with or without antibiotic treatment ( n = 7 each, a total of 28) are subjected to lipidomics analysis. Lipidomic data are then analyzed using statistical and bioinformatics tools, which detect numerous lipid species altered by the treatments, and consistently demonstrated interactions between the gut microbiota and the HNaLK diet in altering circulating lipids, mainly triglycerides (TGs). Two distinct TG groups differentially regulated by antibiotic treatment are identified. One group (cluster 1), representing the majority of TG species detected, is downregulated, whereas the other group (cluster 2) is upregulated by antibiotic treatment. Interestingly, cluster 2 TGs are also regulated by the diet. Cluster 2 TGs exhibit greater carbon‐chain length and double‐bond content and include TGs composed of very‐long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, associated with reduced diabetes risk. Conclusion The HNaLK diet interacts with gut bacteria to alter plasma lipid profiles, which may be related to its health effects.