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Probiotics Prevent Dysbiosis and the Rise in Blood Pressure in Genetic Hypertension: Role of Short‐Chain Fatty Acids
Author(s) -
RoblesVera Iñaki,
Toral Marta,
la Visitación Néstor,
Sánchez Manuel,
GómezGuzmán Manuel,
Romero Miguel,
Yang Tao,
IzquierdoGarcia José L.,
Jiménez Rosario,
RuizCabello Jesús,
GuerraHernández Eduardo,
Raizada Mohan K.,
PérezVizcaíno Francisco,
Duarte Juan
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201900616
Subject(s) - bifidobacterium breve , butyrate , blood pressure , medicine , endocrinology , tlr4 , endothelial dysfunction , spontaneously hypertensive rat , short chain fatty acid , immunology , pharmacology , lactobacillus , bifidobacterium , chemistry , receptor , biochemistry , fermentation
Scope The objective of this study is to determine the cardiovascular effects of the probiotics Bifidobacterium breve CECT7263 (BFM) and Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (LC40), and the short chain fatty acids butyrate, and acetate in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods and results Ten five‐week old Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and fifty aged‐matched SHR are randomly distributed into six groups: control WKY, control SHR, treated SHR‐LC40, treated SHR‐BMF, treated SHR‐butyrate, and treated SHR‐acetate. Chronic treatments with LC40 or BFM increase butyrate‐producing bacteria and prevent the blood pressure increase in SHR. Oral treatment with butyrate or acetate also prevents the increase in both blood pressure and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio. All treatments restore the Th17/Treg balance in mesenteric lymph nodes, normalized endotoxemia, and prevent the impairment of endothelium‐dependent relaxation to acetylcholine, as a result of reduced NADPH oxidase‐driven reactive oxygen species production. These protective effects might be mediated by both the reduction in vascular lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway and the increase in Treg infiltration in the vasculature. Conclusion The probiotics LC40 and BFM prevent dysbiosis and the development of endothelial dysfunction and high blood pressure in genetic hypertension. These effects seem to be related to endotoxemia reduction and to increase Treg accumulation in the vasculature.