Premium
Capsaicin Improves Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity Through Modulation of the Gut Microbiota‐Bile Acid‐FXR Axis in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice
Author(s) -
Hui Suocheng,
Liu Yang,
Chen Mengting,
Wang Xiaolan,
Lang Hedong,
Zhou Min,
Yi Long,
Mi Mantian
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201900608
Subject(s) - farnesoid x receptor , endocrinology , medicine , enterohepatic circulation , glucose homeostasis , carbohydrate metabolism , cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase , bile acid , insulin , gut flora , pregnane x receptor , biology , gluconeogenesis , glycogen synthase , metabolism , chemistry , insulin resistance , nuclear receptor , biochemistry , transcription factor , gene
Scope Previous studies have linked dietary capsaicin (CAP) intake to improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods and results Type 2 diabetic db/db mice are fed a chow diet with or without CAP treatment for 8 weeks. CAP administration markedly improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity through decreasing gluconeogenesis and increasing glycogen synthesis in the liver. Furthermore, CAP inhibits the increase in abundance of the genus Lactobacillus and its bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity compared with levels in chow‐fed mice, thereby leading to the accumulation of tauro‐β‐muricholic acid (TβMCA), a natural antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) that is involved in the regulation of BA and glucose metabolism. CAP‐induced suppression of enterohepatic FXR‐fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) signaling contributes to the increased BA pool size, followed by increases in the expression of cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and hepatic BA synthesis. Additionally, depleting gut microbiota by antibiotics administration abolishes the beneficial effects of CAP on BA metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Conclusions CAP‐induced improvements in BA and glucose metabolism are partially mediated by the gut microbiota‐BA‐enterohepatic FXR axis in db/db mice.