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Dietary Supplementation with Fish Oil or Conjugated Linoleic Acid Relieves Depression Markers in Mice by Modulation of the Nrf2 Pathway
Author(s) -
Cigliano Luisa,
Spagnuolo Maria Stefania,
Boscaino Floriana,
Ferrandino Ida,
Monaco Antonio,
Capriello Teresa,
Cocca Ennio,
Iannotta Lucia,
Treppiccione Lucia,
Luongo Diomira,
Maurano Francesco,
Rossi Mauro,
Bergamo Paolo
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201900243
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , fish oil , conjugated linoleic acid , endocrinology , medicine , polyunsaturated fatty acid , eicosapentaenoic acid , inflammation , neurotrophic factors , antioxidant , homeostasis , linoleic acid , chemistry , biology , fatty acid , biochemistry , receptor , fishery , fish <actinopterygii>
Inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and nuclear erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2), a regulator of RedOx homeostasis and inflammation, is a promising target for depression prevention/treatment. As fish oil (FO) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are known Nrf2 inducers, their protective ability is comparatively evaluated in a murine model of depression (MRL/MpJ‐Fas lpr ). Oxidative stress, fatty acids content, and critical factors reflecting brain functioning—namely brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptic markers, and cholinergic signaling—are preliminarily evaluated in the frontal cortex of 8‐week (Young) and in 22‐week old animals (Old), which are used as model of depression. These markers are measured in Old mice at the end of a 5‐week pretreatment with FO or CLA (728 or 650 mg kg –1 , respectively). Old mice exhibit disrupted Redox homeostasis, compensatory Nrf2 hyperactivation, lower docosaheaxaenoic acid (DHA), and lower BDNF and synaptic function proteins compared to Young mice. FO and CLA treatment relieves almost all the pathophysiological hallmarks at a level comparable to Young mice. Presented data provide the first evidence for the comparable efficacy of FO or CLA supplementation in preventing depression signs in Old MRL/lpr mice, likely through their ability of improving Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant defenses.