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Healthy Nordic Diet Modulates the Expression of Genes Related to Mitochondrial Function and Immune Response in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome–A SYSDIET Sub‐Study
Author(s) -
Myhrstad Mari C. W.,
Mello Vanessa D.,
Dahlman Ingrid,
Kolehmainen Marjukka,
Paananen Jussi,
Rundblad Amanda,
Carlberg Carsten,
Olstad Ole Kristoffer,
Pihlajamäki Jussi,
Holven Kirsten B.,
Hermansen Kjeld,
Dragsted Lars O.,
Gunnarsdottir Ingibjörg,
Cloetens Lieselotte,
Storm Matilda Ulmius,
Åkesson Björn,
Rosqvist Fredrik,
Hukkanen Janne,
Herzig KarlHeinz,
Risérus Ulf,
Thorsdottir Inga,
Poutanen Kaisa S.,
Savolainen Markku J,
Schwab Ursula,
Arner Peter,
Uusitupa Matti,
Ulven Stine M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201801405
Subject(s) - peripheral blood mononuclear cell , transcriptome , immune system , biology , inflammation , gene expression , immunology , metabolic syndrome , medicine , endocrinology , gene , genetics , obesity , in vitro
Scope To explore the effect of a healthy Nordic diet on the global transcriptome profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Methods and results Subjects with metabolic syndrome undergo a 18/24 week randomized intervention study comparing an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet with an average habitual Nordic diet served as control (SYSDIET study). Altogether, 68 participants are included. PBMCs are obtained before and after intervention and total RNA is subjected to global transcriptome analysis. 1302 probe sets are differentially expressed between the diet groups ( p ‐value < 0.05). Twenty‐five of these are significantly regulated (FDR q ‐value < 0.25) and are mainly involved in mitochondrial function, cell growth, and cell adhesion. The list of 1302 regulated probe sets is subjected to functional analyses. Pathways and processes involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, immune response, and cell cycle are downregulated in the healthy Nordic diet group. In addition, gene transcripts with common motifs for 42 transcription factors, including NFR1, NFR2, and NF‐κB, are downregulated in the healthy Nordic diet group. Conclusion These results suggest that benefits of a healthy diet may be mediated by improved mitochondrial function and reduced inflammation.