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EPA+DHA, but not ALA, Improved Lipids and Inflammation Status in Hypercholesterolemic Adults: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Author(s) -
Zhou Quan,
Zhang Zheqing,
Wang Ping,
Zhang Bo,
Chen Chaogang,
Zhang Caixia,
Su Yixiang
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201801157
Subject(s) - eicosapentaenoic acid , docosahexaenoic acid , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , polyunsaturated fatty acid , blood lipids , medicine , placebo , tumor necrosis factor alpha , inflammation , fatty acid , food science , endocrinology , chemistry , cholesterol , biochemistry , in vitro , pathology , alternative medicine
Scope To compare the effects of supplementary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)+docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) versus α‐linolenic acid (ALA) on lipid profiles, inflammatory status, and fatty acid composition of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in hypercholesterolemic adults. Methods and results A randomized, controlled, double‐blind trial is conducted to examine the effects of consumption of control oil, 4.2 g/d ALA, 7.2 g/d ALA, 1.8 g/d DHA+EPA, or 3.6 g/d EPA+DHA for 12 weeks on lipid profiles, fatty acid composition of PBMCs and in vitro production of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) by PBMCs in 123 subjects with hypercholesteremia. After the intervention, subjects who receive a low and high dose of DHA/EPA experience 11.99% and 15.78% decreases in triglycerides which is significantly different from that of the control group ( p < 0.05). The in vitro study indicates that supplementation of high‐dose DHA+EPA induces the greatest decrease of IL‐6 production by PBMCs relative to other groups ( p = 0.046). ALA intervention significantly increases the PBMCs composition of ALA but not EPA/DHA. Conclusion EPA+DHA, but not ALA, improves lipids and inflammation status in hypercholesterolemic adults. Supplementation of ALA does not increase the PBMCs composition of EPA/DHA in middle‐aged to elderly Chinese.