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Current Level of Fish Consumption is Associated with Mortality in Chinese but not US Adults: New Findings From Two Nationwide Cohort Studies With 14 and 9.8 Years of Follow‐Up
Author(s) -
Zhuang Pan,
Wang Wenqiao,
Wang Jun,
Zhang Yu,
Jiao Jingjing
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201700898
Subject(s) - national health and nutrition examination survey , medicine , hazard ratio , fish consumption , cohort , demography , proportional hazards model , environmental health , confidence interval , cohort study , diabetes mellitus , fish <actinopterygii> , gerontology , population , biology , endocrinology , fishery , sociology
Scope Whether dietary fish consumption is linked to mortality remains unclear. We aim to investigate the association of fish consumption with mortality in Chinese and US nationwide populations. Methods and results We utilize data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, n = 14 117) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, n = 33 221) including NHANES III conducted in 1988–1994 and continuous NHANES 1999–2010. Cox proportional hazards regression is used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During a median follow‐up of 14 and 9.8 years for CHNS and NHANES, 1007 and 5209 deaths are documented, respectively. Among Chinese adults, increased fish intake is significantly associated with decreased total mortality. The multivariable‐adjusted HRs (95% CIs) across increasing categories of fish intake are 0.45 (0.36–0.56), 0.72 (0.60–0.86), and 0.70 (0.59–0.85) ( p trend < 0.0001). However, fish intake is not associated with total mortality among US adults ( p trend = 0.21). We only detected a borderline inverse association between fish intake and stroke mortality ( p trend = 0.05), whereas a positive association with diabetes mortality in the third category of fish intake in NHANES. Conclusion In these two nationwide cohort studies, fish consumption is associated with a reduced risk of total mortality for Chinese but not US populations.