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Tomato Powder Inhibits Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation Potentially Through Restoring SIRT1 Activity and Adiponectin Function Independent of Carotenoid Cleavage Enzymes in Mice
Author(s) -
Li ChengChung,
Liu Chun,
Fu Maobin,
Hu KangQuan,
Aizawa Koichi,
Takahashi Shingo,
Hiroyuki Suganuma,
Cheng Junrui,
Lintig Johannes,
Wang XiangDong
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201700738
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , adiponectin , steatosis , nonalcoholic fatty liver disease , lipogenesis , biology , fatty liver , adipose tissue , chemistry , biochemistry , insulin resistance , insulin , disease
Scope Beta‐carotene‐15,15′‐oxygenase (BCO1) and beta‐carotene‐9′,10′‐oxygenase (BCO2) metabolize lycopene to biologically active metabolites, which can ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigate the effects of tomato powder (TP containing substantial lycopene (2.3 mg/g)) on NAFLD development and gut microbiome in the absence of both BCO1 and BCO2 in mice. Method and results BCO1 −/− /BCO2 −/− double knockout mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) alone ( n = 9) or with TP feeding ( n = 9) for 24 weeks. TP feeding significantly reduced pathological severity of steatosis and hepatic triglyceride levels in BCO1 −/− /BCO2 −/− mice ( p < 0.04 vs HFD alone). This was associated with increased SIRT1 activity, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase expression and AMP‐activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and subsequently decreased lipogenesis, hepatic fatty acid uptake, and increasing fatty acid β‐oxidation ( p < 0.05). TP feeding significantly decreased mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes ( tnf‐α, il‐1β , and il‐6 ) in both liver and mesenteric adipose tissue, which were associated with increased plasma adiponectin and hepatic adiponectin receptor‐2. Multiplexed 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed using DNA extracted from cecum fecal samples. TP feeding increased microbial richness and decreased relative abundance of the genus Clostridium . Conclusion Dietary TP can inhibit NAFLD independent of carotenoid cleavage enzymes, potentially through increasing SIRT1 activity and adiponectin production and decreasing Clostridium abundance.