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Assessing neurodevelopmental effects of arsenolipids in pre‐differentiated human neurons
Author(s) -
Witt Barbara,
Ebert Franziska,
Meyer Sören,
Francesconi Kevin A.,
Schwerdtle Tanja
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201700199
Subject(s) - arsenite , neurotoxicity , toxicity , arsenic , arsenic toxicity , neurite , population , developmental toxicity , biology , chemistry , biochemistry , medicine , in vitro , genetics , pregnancy , gestation , environmental health , organic chemistry
Scope In the general population exposure to arsenic occurs mainly via diet. Highest arsenic concentrations are found in seafood, where arsenic is present predominantly in its organic forms including arsenolipids. Since recent studies have provided evidence that arsenolipids could reach the brain of an organism and exert toxicity in fully differentiated human neurons, this work aims to assess the neurodevelopmental toxicity of arsenolipids. Methods and results Neurodevelopmental effects of three arsenic‐containing hydrocarbons (AsHC), two arsenic‐containing fatty acids (AsFA), arsenite and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA V ) were characterized in pre‐differentiated human neurons. AsHCs and arsenite caused substantial cytotoxicity in a similar, low concentration range, whereas AsFAs and DMA V were less toxic. AsHCs were highly accessible for cells and exerted pronounced neurodevelopmental effects, with neurite outgrowth and the mitochondrial membrane potential being sensitive endpoints; arsenite did not substantially decrease those two endpoints. In fully differentiated neurons, arsenite and AsHCs caused neurite toxicity. Conclusion These results indicate for a neurodevelopmental potential of AsHCs. Taken into account the possibility that AsHCs might easily reach the developing brain when exposed during early life, neurotoxicity and neurodevelopmental toxicity cannot be excluded. Further studies are needed in order to progress the urgently needed risk assessment.