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Association between dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory markers in the HELENA study
Author(s) -
Shivappa Nitin,
Hebert James R.,
Marcos Ascensión,
Diaz LigiaEsperanza,
Gomez Sonia,
Nova Esther,
Michels Nathalie,
Arouca Aline,
GonzálezGil Esther,
Frederic Gottrand,
GonzálezGross Marcela,
Castillo Manuel J.,
Manios Yannis,
Kersting Mathilde,
Gunter Marc J.,
Henauw Stefaan,
Antonios Kafatos,
Widhalm Kurt,
Molnar Denes,
Moreno Luis,
Huybrechts Inge
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201600707
Subject(s) - inflammation , medicine , c reactive protein , systemic inflammation , body mass index , gastroenterology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , immunology
Background Previous research has shown that diet is associated with low‐grade systemic inflammation among adults. However, no study has yet been conducted to explore the association between inflammatory potential of diet and low‐grade systemic inflammation among adolescents whose dietary behavior may be different from adults. Methods and Results We examine the predictive ability of 24‐h recall‐derived dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores on inflammation among 532 European adolescents in the HELENA cross‐sectional study. The DII is a literature‐derived dietary index developed to predict inflammation. The DII was calculated per 1000 calories and was tested against C‐reactive protein, ILs‐1,2,4,10, TNF‐α, ICAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and IFN‐γ. All inflammatory markers had nonnormal distributions and therefore were log transformed. Analyses were performed using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, city, BMI, smoking, and physical activity. Pro‐inflammatory diet (higher DII scores) was associated with increased levels of various inflammatory markers: TNF‐α, IL‐1, 2, IFN‐γ, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (b DIIt3vs1 = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.25; 0.13, 95% CI 0.001, 0.25; 0.40, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.77; 0.53, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.01; 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13, respectively). Conclusion These results reinforce the fact that diet, as a whole, plays an important role in modifying inflammation in adolescents.