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Apolipoprotein E (epsilon) genotype has a greater impact on apoB‐48 than apoB‐100 responses to dietary fat manipulation—insights from the SATgenε study
Author(s) -
Jackson Kim G.,
Lockyer Stacey,
CarvalhoWells Andrew L.,
Williams Christine M.,
Minihane Anne M.,
Lovegrove Julie A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201600688
Subject(s) - apolipoprotein b , apolipoprotein e , genotype , genetics , biology , medicine , endocrinology , cholesterol , gene , disease
Scope To determine the contribution of intestinally and liver‐derived lipoproteins to the postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) response in APOE3/E3 and E3/E4 individuals following chronic dietary fat manipulation. Methods and results In sequential order, participants ( n = 12 E3/E3, n = 11 E3/E4 ) followed low fat; high‐fat, high‐saturated fat (HSF); and HSF with 3.45 g/day docosahexaenoic acid (HSF‐DHA) diets, each for 8 weeks. After each dietary period, an acute test meal with a macronutrient profile representative of the dietary intervention was consumed. Apolipoprotein (apo)B isoforms were determined in isolated TAG‐rich lipoprotein fractions (Svedberg flotation rate ( S f ) > 400, S f 60–400, and S f 20–60) by specific ELISA. A genotype × meal/diet interaction for the S f > 400 fraction apoB‐48 response ( p < 0.05) was observed, with higher concentrations reached after the low fat than HSF‐DHA meal in E4 carriers. This finding was associated with a lower TAG content of the S f > 400 particles. Fasting S f 60–400 and 20–60 apoB‐48 concentrations were also significantly higher in E4 carriers. No impact of genotype on the apoB‐100 responses was evident. Conclusion Our study revealed marked effects of dietary fat composition on the S f > 400 apoB‐48 response and particle TAG content in E4 carriers relative to the “wild‐type” E3/E3 genotype, which suggest APOE genotype is a potential modulator of chylomicron particle synthesis.