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Effects of n ‐3 fatty acid supplements on glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Author(s) -
Zheng JuSheng,
Lin Mei,
Fang Ling,
Yu Ying,
Yuan Liping,
Jin Yongxin,
Feng Jueping,
Wang Ling,
Yang Hong,
Chen Weiyu,
Li Dandan,
Tang Jun,
Cai Wenwen,
Shi Meiqi,
Li Zihao,
Wang Fenglei,
Li Duo
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201600230
Subject(s) - glycemic , eicosapentaenoic acid , fish oil , docosahexaenoic acid , type 2 diabetes , glycated hemoglobin , polyunsaturated fatty acid , medicine , insulin resistance , glycemic index , lipid profile , fatty acid , randomized controlled trial , blood lipids , diabetes mellitus , cholesterol , endocrinology , insulin , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , fishery , fish <actinopterygii>
Scope To investigate the effects of n ‐3 fatty acid supplements, both marine and plant‐based, on glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. Method and results In a double‐blind randomized controlled trial, 185 recruited Chinese type 2 diabetes patients were randomized to either fish oil (FO, n = 63), flaxseed oil (FSO, n = 61), or corn oil group (served as control group, n = 61) for 180 days. The patients were asked to take corresponding oil capsules (four capsules/day), which totally provided 2 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid in FO group and 2.5 g/day of alpha‐linolenic acid in FSO group. No group × time interaction was observed for homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting insulin, or glucose. Significant group × time interaction ( P = 0.035) was observed for glycated hemoglobin A 1c (HbA1c), with HbA1c decreased in FO group compared with corn oil group ( P = 0.037). We also found significant group × time interactions for lipid traits, including LDL cholesterol ( P = 0.043), total cholesterol ( P = 0.021), total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ( P = 0.009), and triacylglycerol ( P = 0.003), with the lipid profiles improved in FO group. No significant effects of FSO on glycemic traits or blood lipids were observed. Conclusions Marine n ‐3 PUFA supplements may improve glycemic control and lipid profiles among Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.