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Anti‐inflammatory and anti‐chemotactic effects of dietary flaxseed oil on CD8 + T cell/adipocyte‐mediated cross‐talk
Author(s) -
Monk Jennifer M.,
Liddle Danyelle M.,
Brown Morgan J.,
Zarepoor Leila,
Boer Anna A.,
Ma David W. L.,
Power Krista A.,
Robinson Lindsay E.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201500541
Subject(s) - paracrine signalling , macrophage inflammatory protein , adipocyte , tumor necrosis factor alpha , ccl2 , t cell , medicine , endocrinology , biology , chemotaxis , chemistry , inflammation , chemokine , adipose tissue , immunology , biochemistry , immune system , receptor
Scope CD8 + T cell/adipocyte paracrine interactions represent a critical step in the development of the obese inflammatory phenotype that is disrupted by long‐chain n ‐3 PUFA. Our objective was to determine the effect of flaxseed‐derived n ‐3 PUFA (α‐linolenic acid) on these paracrine interactions. Methods and results C57BL/6 mice were fed 3.5% flaxseed oil (FX) + 3.5% corn oil diet w/w or an isocaloric 7% corn oil w/w control diet (CON) for 3 wk. 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and purified primary splenic CD8 + T cells were cocultured at an obese cellular ratio (10% CD8 + T cells) and LPS‐stimulated (10 ng/mL mimicking obese circulating endotoxin levels) for 24 h. FX cocultures reduced (i) secreted IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP‐1α), and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) levels; (ii) activation of inflammatory transcription factors NFκB (nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cell) p65 and signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3); and (iii) RAW264.7 macrophage chemotaxis versus CON ( p ≤ 0.05). Coculture of pre‐inflamed adipocytes (10 ng/mL LPS, 24 h prior to CD8 + T‐cell addition) resulted in reduced secretion of IL‐6, IL‐1β, MCP‐1, MCP‐3, MIP‐1β, and RANTES in FX cocultures versus CON ( p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion FX exerts an anti‐chemotactic and anti‐inflammatory effect on CD8 + T cell/adipocyte paracrine interactions (cross‐talk), which has the potential to mitigate macrophage chemotaxis which drives components of the obese phenotype.