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Body mass index mediates inflammatory response to acute dietary challenges
Author(s) -
Matone Alice,
O'Grada Colm M.,
Dillon Eugene T.,
Morris Ciara,
Ryan Miriam F.,
Walsh Marianne,
Gibney Eileen R.,
Brennan Lorraine,
Gibney Michael J.,
Morine Melissa J.,
Roche Helen M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201500184
Subject(s) - transcriptome , inflammation , body mass index , obesity , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , inflammatory response , biology , microarray , medicine , bioinformatics , physiology , immunology , gene expression , genetics , in vitro , gene
Scope Acute metabolic challenges provide an opportunity to identify mechanisms of metabolic and nutritional health. In this study, we assessed the transcriptomic response to oral glucose and lipid challenges in a cohort of individuals ranging in age and BMI. The main goal is to identify whether BMI can mediate the metabolic and transcriptional response to dietary challenges, and the differences between lipid and glucose tests. Methods and results Two hundred fourteen healthy adults were assigned to the challenges and twenty‐three individuals were selected for further transcriptomic proofing, using microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Through linear‐mixed models and network analysis, different sets of transcripts and pathways were identified that responded to the challenges depending on BMI. Different transcripts that responded to the lipid and glucose tests, independently of BMI, were also identified. In the network analysis, inflammatory and adhesion processes were strongly represented for both challenges. Conclusion Our results indicate that BMI is strongly linked to the transcriptomic and metabolic response to acute challenges. The emerging biological processes are mainly inflammation‐related pathways, highlighting an interconnection between obesity, inflammation/adhesion, and response to nutritional challenge. The comparison between lipid and glucose challenges shows how these trigger a substantially different molecular response.