Premium
Metabolic fate of neutral human milk oligosaccharides in exclusively breast‐fed infants
Author(s) -
Dotz Viktoria,
Rudloff Silvia,
Meyer Christina,
Lochnit Günter,
Kunz Clemens
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201400160
Subject(s) - urine , feces , breast milk , breast feeding , in vivo , infant formula , physiology , metabolism , human breast milk , in vitro , chemistry , biology , endocrinology , medicine , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , pediatrics
Scope Various biological effects have been postulated for human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), as deduced from in vitro, animal, and epidemiological studies. Little is known about their metabolic fate in vivo in the breast‐fed infant, which is presented here. Methods and results Human milk and infant urine and feces were collected from ten mother–child pairs and analyzed by MALDI‐TOF MS (/MS), accompanied by high‐performance anion‐exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Previously, we detected intact small and complex HMO in infant urine, which had been absorbed from gut, as verified via intrinsic 13 C‐labeling. Our current work reveals the presence of novel HMO metabolites in urine and feces of breast‐fed infants. The novel metabolites were identified as acetylated HMOs and other HMO‐like structures, produced by the infants or by their gut microbiota. The finding of secretor‐ or Lewis‐specific HMO in the feces/urine of infants fed with nonsecretor or Lewis‐negative milk suggested a correspondent modification in the infant. Conclusion Our study reveals new insights into the metabolism of neutral HMO in exclusively breast‐fed infants and provides further indications for multiple factors influencing HMO metabolism and functions that should be considered in future in vivo investigations.