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Effect of dietary fat modification on subcutaneous white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome
Author(s) -
JimenezGomez Yolanda,
CruzTeno Cristina,
RangelZuñiga Oriol A.,
Peinado Juan R.,
PerezMartinez Pablo,
DelgadoLista Javier,
GarciaRios Antonio,
Camargo Antonio,
VazquezMartinez Rafael,
OrtegaBellido Maria,
PerezJimenez Francisco,
Roche Helen M.,
Malagon Maria M.,
LopezMiranda Jose
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201300901
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , insulin resistance , white adipose tissue , adipose tissue , metabolic syndrome , insulin , biology , chemistry , diabetes mellitus
Scope To determine whether the insulin resistance that exists in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients is modulated by dietary fat composition. Methods and results Seventy‐five patients were randomly assigned to one of four diets for 12 wk: high‐saturated fatty acids (HSFAs), high‐MUFA (HMUFA), and two low‐fat, high‐complex carbohydrate (LFHCC) diets supplemented with long‐chain n ‐3 (LFHCC n ‐3) PUFA or placebo. At the end of intervention, the LFHCC n ‐3 diet reduced plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and nonsterified fatty acid concentration ( p < 0.05) as compared to baseline Spanish habitual (BSH) diet. Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) analysis revealed decreased EH‐domain containing‐2 mRNA levels and increased cbl‐associated protein gene expression with the LFHCC n ‐3 compared to HSFA and HMUFA diets, respectively ( p < 0.05). Moreover, the LFHCC n ‐3 decreased gene expression of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase with respect to HMUFA and BSH diets ( p < 0.05). Finally, proteomic characterization of subcutaneous WAT identified three proteins of glucose metabolism downregulated by the LFHCC n ‐3 diet, including annexin A2. RT‐PCR analysis confirmed the decrease of annexin A2 ( p = 0.027) after this diet. Conclusion Our data suggest that the LFHCC n ‐3 diet reduces systemic insulin resistance and improves insulin signaling in subcutaneous WAT of MetS patients compared to HSFA and BSH diets consumption.