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Dietary deprivation of each essential amino acid induces differential systemic adaptive responses in mice
Author(s) -
Kamata Shotaro,
Yamamoto Junya,
Kamijo Kenta,
Ochiai Takahito,
Morita Tamako,
Yoshitomi Yurika,
Hagiya Yoshifumi,
Kubota Masashi,
Ohkubo Rika,
Kawaguchi Maiko,
Himi Toshiyuki,
Kasahara Tadashi,
Ishii Isao
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201300758
Subject(s) - amino acid , medicine , endocrinology , creatine kinase , biology , transporter , amino acid transporter , biochemistry , gene
Scope Dietary deprivation of essential amino acids ( EAA s) in mammals is known to cause reductions in food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to determine whether and how mice respond to deprivation of individual EAA species. Methods and results Dietary deprivation of any single EAA (not non‐ EAA ) in mice led to progressive weight loss in the order of I le − > V al − > T hr − > L eu − > T rp − > H is − > P he − > M et − > L ys − , which correlated with the reduction in food intake. Decreased levels of the deprived EAA s as well as increased levels of all or some of the other amino acids were detected in the serum, although these levels differed among the diets examined. Serum biochemistry identified significant increases in creatine phosphokinase, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, and decreases in glucose and triglycerides; computed tomography revealed a marked reduction in abdominal/femoral fat and muscle depots; histology identified diffuse myofiber atrophy in the rectus femoris muscle, all in that approximate order. In contrast, amino acid response, autophagy, and ubiquitination marker genes as well as amino acid transporter genes were induced in both deprived EAA ‐specific and tissue‐specific manners. Conclusion Dietary deprivation of individual EAA s induced systemic adaptive responses that differed in magnitude and molecular machinery.