Premium
Mucosal C‐terminal maltase‐glucoamylase hydrolyzes large size starch digestion products that may contribute to rapid postprandial glucose generation
Author(s) -
Lee ByungHoo,
Lin Amy HuiMei,
Nichols Buford L.,
Jones Kyra,
Rose David R.,
QuezadaCalvillo Roberto,
Hamaker Bruce R.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201300599
Subject(s) - postprandial , digestion (alchemy) , starch , maltase , acarbose , glycemic , maltose , amylase , hydrolysis , chemistry , food science , biochemistry , polydextrose , alpha glucosidase , maltotriose , sucrase , enzyme , biology , insulin , endocrinology , chromatography
Scope The four mucosal α‐glucosidases, which differ in their digestive roles, generate glucose from glycemic carbohydrates and accordingly can be viewed as a control point for rate of glucose delivery to the body. In this study, individual recombinant enzymes were used to understand how α‐glucan oligomers are digested by each enzyme, and how intermediate α‐amylolyzed starches are hydrolyzed, to elucidate a strategy for moderating the glycemic spike of rapidly digestible starchy foods. Methods and results The C‐terminal maltase‐glucoamylase (ctMGAM, commonly termed “glucoamylase”) was able to rapidly hydrolyze longer maltooligosaccharides, such as maltotetraose and maltopentaose, to glucose. Moreover, it was found to convert larger size maltodextrins, as would be produced early in α‐amylase digestion of starch, efficiently to glucose. It is postulated that ctMGAM has the additional capacity to hydrolyze large α‐amylase products that are produced immediately on starch digestion in the duodenum and contribute to the rapid generation of glucose from starch‐based meals. Conclusion The findings suggest that partial inhibition of ctMGAM, such as by natural inhibitors found in foods, might be used to moderate the early stage of high glycemic response, as well as to extend digestion distally; thereby having relevance in regulating glucose delivery to the body.