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Maternal vitamin D deficiency causes smaller muscle fibers and altered transcript levels of genes involved in protein degradation, myogenesis, and cytoskeleton organization in the newborn rat
Author(s) -
Max Daniela,
Brandsch Corinna,
Schumann Sarah,
Kühne Hagen,
Frommhagen Matthias,
Schutkowski Alexandra,
Hirche Frank,
Staege Martin S.,
Stangl Gabriele I.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201300360
Subject(s) - myogenesis , endocrinology , vitamin d deficiency , medicine , vitamin d and neurology , biology , cholecalciferol , skeletal muscle , transcriptome , vitamin , offspring , pregnancy , gene expression , gene , biochemistry , genetics
Scope Epidemiologic data reveal associations between low serum concentrations of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25( OH ) D ) and higher risk of falls and muscle weakness. Fetal stage is critical for the development of skeletal muscle, but little information is available on the impact of maternal vitamin D deficiency on muscles of offspring. Methods and results To investigate the morphology and transcriptome of gastrocnemius muscle in newborns in response to maternal vitamin D deficiency, 14 female rats were fed either a vitamin D 3 deficient (0 IU /kg) or a vitamin D 3 adequate diet (1000 IU /kg) 8 weeks prior to conception, during pregnancy, and lactation. Analysis of cholecalciferol, 25( OH ) D 3 and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D 3 show that dams fed the vitamin D deficient diet and their newborns suffered from a relevant vitamin D deficiency. Muscle cells of vitamin D deficient newborns were smaller than those of vitamin D adequate newborns ( p < 0.05). Muscle transcriptome of the newborns revealed 426 probe sets as differentially expressed (259 upregulated, 167 downregulated) in response to vitamin D deficiency (fold change ≥1.5, p < 0.05). The effected genes are involved in protein catabolism, cell differentiation and proliferation, muscle cell development, and cytoskeleton organization. Conclusion Maternal vitamin D deficiency has a major impact on morphology and gene expression profile of skeletal muscle in newborns.