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Dietary fat manipulation has a greater impact on postprandial lipid metabolism than the apolipoprotein E (epsilon) genotype–insights from the SAT genε study
Author(s) -
Jackson Kim G.,
Lockyer Stacey,
CarvalhoWells Andrew L.,
Williams Christine M.,
Minihane Anne M.,
Lovegrove Julie A.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201200452
Subject(s) - postprandial , apolipoprotein e , meal , medicine , genotype , docosahexaenoic acid , endocrinology , lipoprotein , lipid metabolism , saturated fat , apolipoprotein b , biology , cholesterol , chemistry , fatty acid , biochemistry , polyunsaturated fatty acid , gene , disease , insulin
Scope Our aim was to determine the effects of chronic dietary fat manipulation on postprandial lipaemia according to apolipoprotein ( APO ) E genotype. Methods and results Men (mean age 53 ( SD 9) years), prospectively recruited for the APOE genotype ( n = 12 E 3/ E 3, n = 11 E 3/ E 4 ), were assigned to a low fat ( LF ), high fat, high‐saturated fat ( HSF ), and HSF diet with 3.45 g/day docosahexaenoic acid ( HSF ‐ DHA ), each for an 8‐week period in the same order. At the end of each dietary period, a postprandial assessment was performed using a test meal with a macronutrient profile representative of that dietary intervention. A variable postprandial plasma triacylglycerol ( TAG ) response according to APOE genotype was evident, with a greater sensitivity to the TAG ‐lowering effects of DHA in APOE 4 carriers ( p ≤ 0.005). There was a lack of an independent genotype effect on any of the lipid measures. In the groups combined, dietary fat manipulation had a significant impact on lipids in plasma and Svedberg flotation rate ( S f ) 60–400 TAG ‐rich lipoprotein fraction, with lower responses following the HSF ‐ DHA than HSF intervention ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Although a modest impact of APOE genotype was observed on the plasma TAG profile, dietary fat manipulation emerged as a greater modulator of the postprandial lipid response in normolipidaemic men.