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M arie M énard apples with high polyphenol content and a low‐fat diet reduce 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine‐induced colon carcinogenesis in rats: Effects on inflammation and apoptosis
Author(s) -
Pietro Femia Angelo,
Luceri Cristina,
Bianchini Francesca,
Salvadori Maddalena,
Salvianti Francesca,
Pinzani Pamela,
Dolara Piero,
Calorini Lido,
Caderni Giovanna
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201200122
Subject(s) - inflammation , apoptosis , endocrinology , medicine , 1,2 dimethylhydrazine , chemistry , azoxymethane , carcinogenesis , polyphenol , cancer , biochemistry , antioxidant
Inflammation may increase cancer risk, therefore, we studied whether polyphenol‐rich Marie Ménard ( MM ) apples with reported anti‐inflammatory activity prevent 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine ( DMH )‐induced colon carcinogenesis in rats and, likewise whether high‐fat ( HF ) diet promoting carcinogenesis, may affect inflammation. DMH ‐induced rats were fed for 15 weeks with: an HF diet (23% corn oil w/w); an HF diet containing 7.6% w/w lyophilized MM (apple diet ( AD )); a low‐fat ( LF ) diet and an HF diet containing piroxicam ( PXC ) (0.01% w/w) as control. Mucin depleted foci ( MDF ), precancerous lesions in the colon, were dramatically reduced in the AD , LF , and PXC groups compared with the HF . Peritoneal macrophage activation, an index of systemic inflammation, was significantly decreased in the AD , LF , and PXC groups. TNF ‐ α , i NOS , IL ‐1β , IL ‐6 m‐ RNA expression in the colon, as well as CD 68 cells and plasmatic PGE 2 were lower in the AD , but not in the LF group. Apoptosis in the MDF of both the AD and LF ‐fed rats was significantly higher than in HF rats. In conclusion, AD has a strong chemopreventive effect, reducing inflammation, and increasing apoptosis, while the chemopreventive effect of the LF diet seems mediated mainly by increased apoptosis in MDF .