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Absorption of dimethoxycinnamic acid derivatives in vitro and pharmacokinetic profile in human plasma following coffee consumption
Author(s) -
Farrell Tracy L.,
GomezJuaristi Miren,
Poquet Laure,
Redeuil Karine,
Nagy Kornél,
Renouf Mathieu,
Williamson Gary
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201200021
Subject(s) - aglycone , pharmacokinetics , chemistry , absorption (acoustics) , polyphenol , metabolism , food science , human plasma , hydrolysis , chromatography , biochemistry , pharmacology , stereochemistry , biology , antioxidant , physics , glycoside , acoustics
Scope This study reports the 24 h human plasma pharmacokinetics of 3,4‐dimethoxycinnamic acid (dimethoxycinnamic acid) after consumption of coffee, and the membrane transport characteristics of certain dimethoxycinnamic acid derivatives, as present in coffee. Methods and results Eight healthy human volunteers consumed a low‐polyphenol diet for 24 h before drinking 400 mL of commercially available coffee. Plasma samples were collected over 24 h and analyzed by HPLC‐MS 2 . Investigation of the mechanism of absorption and metabolism was performed using an intestinal C aco‐2 cell model. For the first time, we show that dimethoxycinnamic acid appears in plasma as the free aglycone. The time to reach the C max value of approximately 0.5 μM was rapid, T max = 30 min, and showed an additional peak at 2–4 h for several subjects. In contrast, smaller amounts of dimethoxy‐dihydrocinnamic acid ( C max ∼ 0.1 μM) peaked between 8 and 12 h after coffee intake. In the cell model, dimethoxycinnamic acid was preferentially transported in the free form by passive diffusion, and a small amount of dimethoxycinnamoylquinic acid hydrolysis was observed. Conclusion These findings show that dimethoxycinnamic acid, previously identified in plasma after coffee consumption, was rapidly absorbed in the free form most likely by passive diffusion in the upper gastrointestinal tract.