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Squalene ameliorates atherosclerotic lesions through the reduction of CD 36 scavenger receptor expression in macrophages
Author(s) -
GranadosPrincipal Sergio,
Quiles Jose L.,
RamirezTortosa Cesar L.,
OchoaHerrera Julio,
PerezLopez Patricia,
PulidoMoran Mario,
RamirezTortosa MCarmen
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201100703
Subject(s) - scavenger receptor , monocyte , hydroxytyrosol , chemistry , foam cell , macrophage , receptor , squalene , flow cytometry , phorbol , u937 cell , tyrosol , cd36 , thp1 cell line , microbiology and biotechnology , cytotoxic t cell , apoptosis , biochemistry , cell culture , cholesterol , lipoprotein , biology , antioxidant , immunology , in vitro , signal transduction , protein kinase c , polyphenol , genetics
Scope Anti‐atherogenic features of olive oil (OO) have been attributed, in part, to minor compounds, via diverse mechanisms, although its effects on the CD 36 receptor have not been examined. We investigated the effects of minor compounds of OO (squalene ( SQ ), tyrosol ( T yr) and hydroxytyrosol ( OH ‐ T yr)), on the expression of the CD 36 receptor, as well as on monocyte/macrophage differentiation and proliferation. Methods and results U 937 monocytic cells and macrophages (obtained with 10 nM phorbol‐myristate‐acetate) were exposed to T yr, OH ‐ T yr or SQ at 0, 10, 75 and 200 μM with/without native or oxidised LDL (ox LDL ). Flow cytometry was used to achieve the expression of CD 36 in both cell types exposed to ox LDL plus antioxidants, as well as the inhibition of monocyte/macrophage differentiation after ox LDL and apoptosis. SQ caused a dose‐dependent reduction of CD 36 in the presence of native and moderate LDL in monocytes and macrophages. Phenotype‐dependent cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects were found for OH ‐ T yr ( p < 0.05), while SQ affected neither monocytes nor macrophages ( p < 0.01). Conclusion SQ does not prevent monocyte migration and activation into macrophages, but it would inhibit ox LDL uptake by macrophages, by reducing CD 36 expression. This study provides new data about the role of the components of OO in the prevention of atherosclerosis.