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Hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic effects of enzymatically modified carbohydrates from rice in high‐fat‐fed C57BL/6J mice
Author(s) -
Bhuiyan Muhammad J. H.,
Do Ha Viet,
Mun Saehun,
Jun Heejin,
Lee Ji Hae,
Kim YongRo,
Lee SungJoon
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.201100121
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , adiponectin , ampk , farnesoid x receptor , chemistry , cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase , cholesterol , excretion , receptor , insulin , triglyceride , leptin , protein kinase a , insulin resistance , biology , enzyme , biochemistry , nuclear receptor , obesity , gene , transcription factor
Scope: Enzymatically modified rice starch (ERS) synthesized with 4‐α‐glucanotransferase has a longer structure than rice starch, which could delay digestion, similar to dietary fiber. We investigated the effects of ERS on glucose and lipid metabolism with mice fed a high‐fat diet containing ERS (HFD‐ERS). Method and results: Four weeks of ERS feeding showed hypoglycemic effects with a significant reduction in fasting glucose (46%), insulin (57%), and leptin (83%) levels; improved glucose tolerance (20% in AUC of oral glucose tolerance test); and increased adiponectin concentrations (+27%) compared to the HFD group. Notably, phosphorylation of AMP kinase (AMPK) was markedly induced in the HFD‐ERS livers compared to HFD livers. Additionally, ERS significantly reduced total cholesterol concentrations with induction of fecal bile acid excretion (+21%, P<0.05) in the HFD‐ERS group compared to the HFD group. The mRNA and protein expressions of hepatic LDL receptors were significantly induced. However, cholesterol 7 alpha‐hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression was downregulated possibly due to induction of intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR; +2.4‐fold, p <0.05) and fibroblast growth factor‐15 (FGF‐15; +2.2‐fold, p <0.01). Conclusion: Our data suggest that ERS feeding may have hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic effects via a mechanism similar to that of dietary fiber.