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A penta‐band hybrid fractal MIMO antenna for ISM applications
Author(s) -
Rajkumar Sampath,
Srinivasan Nandagopal,
Natesan Aadya,
Selvan Krishnasamy T.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of rf and microwave computer‐aided engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.335
H-Index - 39
eISSN - 1099-047X
pISSN - 1096-4290
DOI - 10.1002/mmce.21185
Subject(s) - ism band , antenna (radio) , fractal antenna , patch antenna , physics , coaxial antenna , optics , antenna factor , radio spectrum , antenna measurement , microstrip antenna , acoustics , telecommunications , computer science , astronomy
A miniature two‐element MIMO multiband planar patch antenna with potential applications in the ISM bands is presented. The elements of the antenna have been designed using a novel hybrid fractal geometry based on an altered Dragon Curve and the Inverted Koch. Reduced antenna dimensions are obtained with acceptable performance even at lower frequency ranges. The antenna elements are placed adjacent to each other with a very small spacing of 0.004 λ 0 (λ being the free space wavelength of 433 MHz), confining the antenna dimensions to 51 × 50 mm 2 . The antenna resonates at the 433 MHz (ISM), 2.4 GHz (ISM), 3.9 GHZ (Fixed Satellite), 4.7 GHz (UWB) and 5.8 GHz (ISM) frequency bands. The antenna exhibits | S 11 | ≤ −10 dB, | S 21 | ≤ −16 dB, an ECC ≤ 0.01 for all operating frequencies, with circular polarisation at the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands and linear polarisation at the others. The simulated structure was fabricated and tested, with the simulated and measured results displaying acceptable agreement.