Premium
Qualitative behavior of systems of tumor–CD4 + –cytokine interactions with treatments
Author(s) -
Anderson Luke,
Jang Sophia,
Yu JuiLing
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
mathematical methods in the applied sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.719
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1099-1476
pISSN - 0170-4214
DOI - 10.1002/mma.3370
Subject(s) - cytokine , cytotoxic t cell , tumor cells , mathematics , bistability , cancer research , immunology , medicine , chemistry , biochemistry , physics , in vitro , quantum mechanics
Immunotherapies are important methods for controlling and curing malignant tumors. Based on recent observations that many tumors have been immuno‐selected to evade recognition by the traditional cytotoxic T lymphocytes, we propose mathematical models of tumor–CD4 + –cytokine interactions to investigate the role of CD4 + on tumor regression. Treatments of either CD4 + or cytokine are applied to study their effectiveness. It is found that doses of treatments are critical in determining the fate of the tumor, and tumor cells can be eliminated completely if doses of cytokine are large. Bistability is observed in models with either of the treatment strategies, which signifies that a careful planning of the treatment strategy is necessary for achieving a satisfactory outcome. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.