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Effects of various protocols of ischemic preconditioning on rat tram flaps
Author(s) -
Wang Honggang,
Li Zhiyong,
Liu Xiaolin
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
microsurgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.031
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1098-2752
pISSN - 0738-1085
DOI - 10.1002/micr.20436
Subject(s) - medicine , ischemic preconditioning , malondialdehyde , ischemia , creatine kinase , anesthesia , surgery , oxidative stress
We used rat transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flaps to investigate whether the ischemic cycle duration and number of cycles influenced the effectiveness of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). First, the animals were divided into one control group and four treatment groups. Controls received no preconditioning; flaps with IPC were treated by two cycles of pedicel clamping and reperfusion for either 5 or 10 min. Then the best of IPC protocols in first part was selected, and flaps were subjected to one or three cycles of IPC before 4 h of normothermic ischemia. The preconditioned flap survival area had improved 2.5–3 times over that of the control area by postoperative day 7. Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), water content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in muscle were significantly decreased in the preconditioned groups after 4 h of reperfusion. Especially, 2 and 3 cycles of the 10/5‐min combination were more effective than other protocols of IPC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.