Capture‐based next‐generation sequencing reveals multiple actionable mutations in cancer patients failed in traditional testing

Background Targeted therapies including monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors have dramatically changed the treatment of cancer over past 10 years. Their therapeutic advantages are more tumor specific and with less side effects. For precisely tailoring available targeted therapies to each individual or a subset of cancer patients, next‐generation sequencing ( NGS ) has been utilized as a promising diagnosis tool with its advantages of accuracy, sensitivity, and high throughput. Methods We developed and validated a NGS ‐based cancer genomic diagnosis targeting 115 prognosis and therapeutics relevant genes on multiple specimen including blood, tumor tissue, and body fluid from 10 patients with different cancer types. The sequencing data was then analyzed by the clinical‐applicable analytical pipelines developed in house. Results We have assessed analytical sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the NGS ‐based molecular diagnosis. Also, our developed analytical pipelines were capable of detecting base substitutions, indels, and gene copy number variations ( CNVs ). For instance, several actionable mutations of EGFR , PIK 3 CA , TP 53 , and KRAS have been detected for indicating drug susceptibility and resistance in the cases of lung cancer. Conclusion Our study has shown that NGS ‐based molecular diagnosis is more sensitive and comprehensive to detect genomic alterations in cancer, and supports a direct clinical use for guiding targeted therapy.