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Propolis: A useful agent on psychiatric and neurological disorders? A focus on CAPE and pinocembrin components
Author(s) -
Menezes da Silveira Cinthia C. S.,
Luz Diandra A.,
Silva Carla C. S.,
Prediger Rui D. S.,
Martins Manoela D.,
Martins Marco A. T.,
FontesJúnior Enéas A.,
Maia Cristiane S. F.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
medicinal research reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.868
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1098-1128
pISSN - 0198-6325
DOI - 10.1002/med.21757
Subject(s) - pinocembrin , propolis , cape , focus (optics) , psychiatry , medicine , psychology , traditional medicine , chemistry , history , biochemistry , flavonoid , antioxidant , physics , archaeology , optics
Propolis consists of a honeybee product, with a complex mix of substances that have been widely used in traditional medicine. Among several compounds present in propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and pinocembrin emerge as two principal bioactive compounds, with benefits in a variety of body systems. In addition to its well‐explored pharmacological properties, neuropharmacological activities have been poorly discussed. In an unprecedented way, the present review addresses the current finding on the promising therapeutic purposes of propolis, focusing on CAPE and pinocembrin, highlighting its use on neurological disturbance, as cerebral ischemia, neuroinflammation, convulsion, and cognitive impairment, as well as psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. In addition, we provide a critical analysis, discussion, and systematization of the molecular mechanisms which underlie these central nervous system effects. We hypothesize that the pleiotropic action of CAPE and pinocembrin, per se or associated with other substances present in propolis may result in the therapeutic activities reported. Inhibition of the pro‐inflammatory cascade, antioxidant activity, and positive neurotrophic modulatory effects consist of the main molecular targets attributed to CAPE and pinocembrin in health benefits.