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Bioactive polymeric scaffolds for osteogenic repair and bone regenerative medicine
Author(s) -
Amiryaghoubi Nazanin,
Fathi Marziyeh,
Pesyan Nader Noroozi,
Samiei Mohammad,
Barar Jaleh,
Omidi Yadollah
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
medicinal research reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.868
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1098-1128
pISSN - 0198-6325
DOI - 10.1002/med.21672
Subject(s) - osteocalcin , regeneration (biology) , tissue engineering , regenerative medicine , bone tissue , biomedical engineering , context (archaeology) , bone healing , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , alkaline phosphatase , materials science , anatomy , biology , stem cell , biochemistry , medicine , enzyme , paleontology
The loss of bone tissue is a striking challenge in orthopedic surgery. Tissue engineering using various advanced biofunctional materials is considered a promising approach for the regeneration and substitution of impaired bone tissues. Recently, polymeric supportive scaffolds and biomaterials have been used to rationally promote the generation of new bone tissues. To restore the bone tissue in this context, biofunctional polymeric materials with significant mechanical robustness together with embedded materials can act as a supportive matrix for cellular proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation. The osteogenic regeneration to replace defective tissues demands greater calcium deposits, high alkaline phosphatase activity, and profound upregulation of osteocalcin as a late osteogenic marker. Ideally, the bioactive polymeric scaffolds (BPSs) utilized for bone tissue engineering should impose no detrimental impacts and function as a carrier for the controlled delivery and release of the loaded molecules necessary for the bone tissue regeneration. In this review, we provide comprehensive insights into different synthetic and natural polymers used for the regeneration of bone tissue and discuss various technologies applied for the engineering of BPSs and their physicomechanical properties and biological effects.