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Age at Onset of LRRK2 p. Gly2019Ser Is Related to Environmental and Lifestyle Factors
Author(s) -
Lüth Theresa,
König Inke R.,
Grünewald Anne,
Kasten Meike,
Klein Christine,
Hentati Faycel,
Farrer Matthew,
Trinh Joanne
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
movement disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.352
H-Index - 198
eISSN - 1531-8257
pISSN - 0885-3185
DOI - 10.1002/mds.28238
Subject(s) - lrrk2 , interquartile range , medicine , population , parkinson's disease , gerontology , environmental health , disease
Objectives The effect of environmental and lifestyle factors on patients with LRRK2 (leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2) p.Gly2019Ser (LRRK2 + /PD + ) compared to idiopathic PD (iPD) has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Methods In a homogeneous Tunisian Arab Berber population, we recruited 200 idiopathic PD and 199 LRRK2 p.Gly2019Ser mutation carriers, of whom 142 had PD (LRRK2 + /PD + ) and 57 were unaffected (LRRK2 + /PD − ). Case report form (CRF) questionnaires (motor and non‐motor symptoms) including the Geoparkinson Questionnaire were used to assess environmental and lifestyle factors. Results In LRRK2 + /PD + , tobacco use was significantly associated with a later median age at onset (AAO). The median AAO was 60 years (interquartile range = 52–67.25) for tobacco users, compared to 52 years (interquartile range = 45.25–61) for non‐users ( P = 0.0042 at adjusted α = 0.025). Additionally, we observed an independent but additive effect of black tea consumption and tobacco use. Conclusions Our data suggest that tobacco and black tea have a protective effect on age at onset in LRRK2 + /PD + . © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.