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Basal ganglia physiology and deep brain stimulation
Author(s) -
Lozano Andres M.,
Snyder Brian J.,
Hamani Clement,
Hutchison William D.,
Dostrovsky Jonathan O.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
movement disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.352
H-Index - 198
eISSN - 1531-8257
pISSN - 0885-3185
DOI - 10.1002/mds.22714
Subject(s) - deep brain stimulation , neuroscience , basal ganglia , pedunculopontine nucleus , parkinson's disease , medicine , movement disorders , neurophysiology , subthalamic nucleus , dopaminergic , essential tremor , psychology , disease , central nervous system , dopamine , pathology
Despite improvements in anatomic imaging of the basal ganglia, microelectrode recording is still an invaluable tool in locating appropriate targets for neurosurgical intervention. These recording also provide an unparalleled opportunity to study the pathophysiological aspects of diseases. This article reviews the principles of microelectrode recording in functional neurosurgery and discusses the pathologic neurophysiologic findings commonly encountered. It also highlights some of the potential mechanisms of action of both dopaminergic drugs and deep brain stimulation. In addition we review the recent work on pedunculopontine nucleus neurophysiology and trials of deep brain stimulation in that region for gait disturbances in Parkinson's disease. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society