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Hemi Masticatory Spasm: Series of 7 Cases and Review of Literature
Author(s) -
Radhakrishnan Divya M.,
Goyal Vinay,
Shukla Garima,
Singh Mamta Bhushan,
Ramam M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
movement disorders clinical practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.754
H-Index - 18
ISSN - 2330-1619
DOI - 10.1002/mdc3.12760
Subject(s) - masticatory force , medicine , muscles of mastication , morphea , lichen sclerosus , muscle spasm , refractory (planetary science) , trigeminal nerve , trigeminal neuralgia , surgery , dermatology , pathology , orthodontics , temporomandibular joint , physics , astrobiology
ABSTRACT Background Hemi masticatory spasm (HMS) is a rare movement disorder affecting muscles of mastication attributed to dysfunction of motor branch of trigeminal nerve and is characterized by painful spasm of masticatory muscles. Microvascular compression leading to focal demyelination of motor branch of trigeminal nerve is the most speculated on mechanism of HMS. Treatment options range from medical to surgical approaches, but botulinm toxin (BTX) has now become the preferred treatment. Cases We report a retrospective review of 7 cases of HMS, supported by electrophysiological and clinical findings. All the cases had excellent response to BTX therapy. Discussion and Conclusion In this article, we highlight the delay in diagnosis of HMS attributed to rarity, long course of illness, association with hemiatrophy, “Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus,” and scleroderma/morphea. Considering the favorable outcome to BTXs, surgical treatment can be avoided or delayed in majority except secondary cases.